Cloud and it's various properties
Introduction
Cloud is one of the most important parameter for any organization or development. There are huge amount of data available and created on the internet by the user. If we want to store those data in a local storage that would much costly. So we use cloud technology to store those data and analyze them. So it is very important for everybody to have a understanding about the Cloud. Also most of the IT company implement various aspect of Cloud in there organization. So in an interview having the knowledge of Cloud gives you extra advantage. Let's discuss its various aspect.
Cloud is the use of remote servers on the Internet to store, manage & process data rather than Local Server.
Cloud Computing:
It is the delivery of computing services over the internet, enabling faster innovation, flexible resources, economies of scale. It provide Compute, Networking, Storage, Analysis etc.
Advantage of using Cloud:
- Provide high availability of application that is hosted in cloud.
- Provide scalability, means can handle increasing or decreasing traffic.
- Provide elasticity, i.e. about increasing & decreasing the instances.
- Provide agility, i.e. fast to deploy Virtual Machines.
- Provide disaster recovery, it is a part of availability.
- Pricing is based on Pay as per use model.
- Provide security of the data.
- Data can be accessed from anywhere in the globe.
- Provide reliability, i.e. faster recovery from failure.
Different Service Models:
There are three Cloud Service Models, IaaS, PaaS, SaaS. Let's discuss each of them.
IaaS:
- It is Infrastructure as a Service
- Here the Operating system, Virtual Machine is user handled.
- The IP Address, the Infrastructure (Compute, Networking, Storage) is supported by Cloud.
- It enhance scalability.
- It is also flexible.
- Example: AWS
PaaS:
- Platform as a Service.
- It is generally used by Developers.
- User Interface is handled by user.
- Operating System is supported by cloud.
- Provide runtime environment.
- It offers development and deployment tools.
- Example: Google App Engine
SaaS:
- Software as a Service
- User connect and use cloud based application.
- This is On Demand service.
- End user/client use it.
- No need to install on PC.
- Service/Resources managed by vendors.
- This is platform independent.
- Example: Zoom
Different Deployment Models:
There are basically three deployment models, Public cloud, Private cloud, Hybrid cloud.
Public Cloud:
- It is deployed globally.
- It has less Security.
- It is cost efficient.
- Provide less customization.
- ex: Microsoft Azure.
Private Cloud:
- It is deployed locally.
- It is more secure.
- But it is costly.
- Though it provide more customization option.
- ex: HP Data Center.
Hybrid Cloud:
- It is the combination of both Public and Private cloud.
- It is cost efficient.
- Share some part publicly and hide some part.
- ex: Google Cloud.
Hadoop:
It is a Apache based open source framework implemented in Java.
Distributed Storage:
Not a centered storage, handled by Hadoop File System (HDFS).
Distributed Processing:
To process big data the Distributed Processing is being used. It is provided by Map Reduce. Implement parallel processing.
Hadoop Architecture:
- Provide secure & resizable compute capacity in cloud, i.e. Developer Ease.
- Features:
- Scaling: Instances scale up or down.
- Integrated with other services (S3, RDS).
- Pay for what you use.
- Instances can be launched in one or more Region & Availability Zones.
- Support for different OS.
- Works with Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) to provide Secure network to resources.
Simple Storage Service (S3) :
- Provides object storage which is built for storing & recovering any amount of data from anywhere over the Internet.
- Durability : Very high, approximately 99.999999999%
- Availability: High like 99.99%
- Cost Effective.
- Provide Scalability.
- Provide Security.
Virtual Machine:
A cloud virtual machine is the digital version of a physical computer that can run in a cloud. Like a physical machine, it can run an operating system, store data, connect to networks, and do all the other computing functions.
Virtual machine is a software-based-computer that exists within the operating system of another computer. In simpler terms, it is a virtualization of an actual computer, except that it exists on another system.
Virtualization:
Virtualization is technology that you can use to create virtual representations of servers, storage, networks, and other physical machines.
Types of Virtualization:
There are six types of Virtualization.
- Server Virtualization: Server virtualization refers to partitioning the resources of a server, which consist of hardware, software and networking resources, and distributing them over a network.
- Storage Virtualization: Storage virtualization works by gathering and merging multiple physical storage arrays and presenting them as a single storage location to the user over a network.
- Network Virtualization: Network virtualization refers to combining all the components of networks and administering them using only software. These network components include all the underlying hardware and software of a network with their respective functionalities.
- Application Virtualization: Application virtualization refers to the process of deploying a computer application over a network (the cloud). The deployed application is installed locally on a server, and when a user requests it, an instance of the application is displayed to them. The user can then engage with that application as if it was installed on their system.
- Desktop Virtualization: Desktop virtualization is similar to application virtualization, but the apps are now replaced with whole desktop environments. The desktop environments, also called virtual machines (VMs), are housed on powerful servers that can host several desktop sessions concurrently. Users can access these VMs on their devices as and when required, regardless of the specifications of their devices.
- Data Virtualization: Data virtualization works by separating the collected data from its underlying data logic. A virtualization layer, called a data virtualization tool, acts as a mediator between the source and the front-end usage of the data.
Hypervisor:
A hypervisor, also known as a virtual machine monitor or VMM. The hypervisor is a piece of software that allows us to build and run virtual machines which are abbreviated as VMs.
Hypervisor is a program that allows multiple Operating Systems to share a single physical hardware. Each operating system will share the host’s processor, memory, file storage, and other resources. The hypervisor controls the host processor and resources, allocating what is needed to each operating system.
It helps us to reduce:
- The Space efficiency
- The Energy uses
- The Maintenance requirements of the server.
Types of Hypervisor:
There are two types of hypervisors: "Type 1" (also known as "bare metal") and "Type 2" (also known as "hosted").
A type 1 hypervisor functions as a light operating system that operates directly on the host's hardware, while a type 2 hypervisor functions as a software layer on top of an operating system, similar to other computer programs.
The Type 1 hypervisor
- The native or bare metal hypervisor, the Type 1 hypervisor is known by both names.
- It replaces the host operating system, and the hypervisor schedules VM services directly to the hardware.
- The type 1 hypervisor is very much commonly used in the enterprise data center or other server-based environments.
- It includes KVM, Microsoft Hyper-V, and VMware vSphere.
The Type 2 hypervisor
- It is also known as a hosted hypervisor, The type 2 hypervisor is a software layer or framework that runs on a traditional operating system.
- It operates by separating the guest and host operating systems. The host operating system schedules VM services, which are then executed on the hardware.
- Individual users who wish to operate multiple operating systems on a personal computer should use a form 2 hypervisor.
- This type of hypervisor also includes the virtual machines with it.
Data Center:
A data center is a physical location that stores computing machines and their related hardware equipment. It contains the computing infrastructure that IT systems require, such as servers, data storage drives, and network equipment. It is the physical facility that stores any company's digital data.
Availability Zone:
Availability zones (AZs) are isolated data centers located within specific regions in which public cloud services originate and operate. Cloud computing businesses typically have multiple worldwide availability zones.
Azure availability zones are physically and logically separated datacenters with their own independent power source, network, and cooling. Connected with an extremely low-latency network, they become a building block to delivering high availability applications.
Region:
A region is a specific geographical location where you can run your resources. Each region is subdivided into several zones. There are currently 36 regions around the world, scattered across North America, South America, Europe, Asia, and Australia.
Cloud Ecosystem:
The Ecosystem consist of CSU, CSP, CSN. Let's discuss each.
- CSU (Cloud Service User) :
- They consume or use the service.
- Ex: Consumer, Enterprise.
- CSP (Cloud Service Provider) :
- Provide the service.
- Institute, Organization.
- Ex: SaasS, IaaS, PaaS
- CSN (Cloud Service Partners):
- Support in the building the service.
- Ex: Content Provider, Hardware Software provider, Application Developer.
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