Introduction to Microservice Architecture Using SpringBoot - Part 1

What is modulation? What is the type of modulation?

Modulation is the process of impressing information( voice, music, picture, or data) on a radio frequency carrier wave by varying one or more characteristics of the wave in accordance with the signal. Different types of modulation in a communication system are: 

• Amplitude modulation
• Frequency modulation
• Phase modulation
• Pulse code modulation
• Pulse duration modulation

Broadband

broadband refers to the wide bandwidth characteristics of a transmission medium and itsability to transport multiple signals and traffic types simultaneously.

Signal

A signal is a function that conveys information about the behavior or attributes of some phenomenon

Data Rate

the rate at which circuits or other devices operate when handling digital information.

Bandwidth

The amount of data that can be transmitted in a fixed amount of time. For digital devices, the bandwidth is usually expressed in bits per second(bps) or bytes per second. For analog devices, the bandwidth is expressed in cycles per second, or Hertz (Hz).

What do you mean by frequency reuse?

 Each cellular Base Station is allocated a group of radio channels to be used. These radio channels can be used by another base station which is at a suitable distance away from it.

What do you mean by Handoff?

When a mobile moves into a different cell while a conversation is in progress, the Mobile Switching Center automatically transfers the call to a new channel belonging to the new Base Station. Types of handoffs are Hard Handoff and Soft Handoff.

What do you mean by Base Station Subsystem?

It consists of one or more BTS and BSC. Each BTS is related to one cell which includes an antenna, a video trans-receiver, and a link to BSC. BSC controls multiple BTS units, manages the handoffs of the mobiles, and controls the paging.

What do you mean by Network and Switching Subsystem?

It controls handoffs between cells in different BSSs, authenticates users, validates and maintains their accounts. It is mainly supported by four databases like Home Location Register., Visitor Location Register, Authentication Center, and Equipment Identity Register.

Diagrammatically represent the GSM architecture ?

GSM architecture is as follows:-

What are the different types of transmission impairment ?

When the received signal is not as same as the transmitted signal then it is known as Transmission impairment. Three different types of transmission impairment are:-

1. Attenuation.
2. Noise.
3. Delay Distortion.

what is the difference between 3G and 4G?

Following are the differences between 3G and 4G:-
1. 3G stands for 3rd generation as it is just that in terms of the evolutionary path of the mobile phone industry. 4G means 4th generation. This is a set of standard that is being developed as a future successor of 3G in the very near future.
2. 4G speeds are meant to exceed that of 3G.
3. 3G uses the technique of circuit switching while 4G uses the technique of packet switching.